Fakta Ilmiah, Mengapa Rumah - Rumah Ibadah Tetap Kokoh Meski Diterjang Tsunami

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Masih ingat masjid yang tetap kokoh saat terkena tsunami Aceh 2004 silam. Kemudian masjid yang tetap kokoh saat tsunami Palu. 

Dan yang terbaru, mushola yang tak terusik air sedikitpun saat tsunami Banten. Pastinya kalian memvonis semua fenomena ini dengan kuasa Allah.

Namun secara ilmiah, ternyata fenomena ini bisa terjawab,..

Beberapa kali musibah yang melanda Tanah Air kerap disertai dengan laporan tetap kokohnya Rumah ibadah di wilayah terlanda. Yang masih terbersit di benak adalah saat Tsunami besar di Aceh tak terlalu menggoyahkan Masjid Baiturrahman pada 2004.

Ditambah dengan laporan-laporan kokohnya beberapa rumah ibadah di wilayah terlanda musibah akhir-akhir ini: di NTB, Palu hingga sekitar Selat Sunda. Hal tersebut ternyata mengusik benak para peneliti dan diungkap dengan jawaban-jawaban ilmiah.

Kondisi tegarnya rumah-rumah ibadah menurut seorang pakar konsultan struktur, Josia Irwan Rastandi, bisa dijelaskan secara ilmiah.

Teknis dan Psikologi

Dari segi teknis, bangunan umum seperti rumah ibadah memang biasa dibangun lebih kuat daripada bangunan lain. Hal tersebut merujuk kepada peraturan pembangunan di Indonesia yang sudah lama termaktub sejak tahun 80-an.

“Tempat-tempat ibadah tempat umum termasuk sekolah, masjid, gereja, vihara itu harus dibuat istilah awamnya 1,5 kali lebih kuat ya. Jadi dia direncanakan untuk menerima gaya satu setengah kali lebih besar dibanding yang lainnya,” kata Josia, Selasa (9/10/2018).

Di samping itu, ada semacam psikologis pembangunan yang kemungkinan dialami beberapa pihak yang terlibat. Dalam hal ini, Josia menyebut ada semacam pemikiran dari kontraktor untuk lebih serius dalam melaksanakan tugasnya. Oleh sebab itu, untuk kondisi mengurangi material-material bangunan dapat dihindarkan sehingga bangunan yang ada memang lebih kuat.

Seperti yang dilansir oleh inspirasidata.com, aturan dan psikologis tersebut bukan tanpa maksud. Ketentuan itu adalah bagian dari mitigasi bencana yang bersifat preventif. Bila kelak bencana semisal gempa mengguncang, bangunan umum itu akan difungsikan sebagai tempat berlindung atau mengungsi masyarakat.

Bentuk bangunan dan non-teknis

Kemudian, bila dilihat dari bentuk bangunan, masjid-masjid biasa memiliki celah berupa jendela yang lebih banyak dari rumah pada umumnya. Jendela itu biasa hancur kala diguncang gempa atau dihantam tsunami. Dengan hal itu, air bisa lolos dari masjid sehingga gaya yang diterima lebih ringan. Dari situ, potensi kehancuran yang dihadapi pun semakin kecil.
Hal-hal teknis tersebut memang bisa diterima dengan akal sehat. Namun, Josia menyebut ada perihal non-teknis yang dipercaya masyarakat awam dewasa ini. Sebagai contoh, oleh karena masjid-masjid ini merupakan tempat ibadah sehingga “ada yang melindungi.”
 

Dari segi non-teknis, mungkin ini semua perlindungan dan pertolongan dari allah SWT, seiring tempat ini adalah rumah ibadah bagi umat muslim.

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